Water Management

According to World Bank, agriculture is the main source of livelihood and income for 70 percent of world’s poor who live in rural areas. Furthermore, agriculture is heavily dependent on land and water availability. Also, according to the International Water Management Institute, agriculture accounts for about 70% of global water usage. With a scarce supply of water, agriculture is in a stiff competition with domestic, industrial and environmental usage of water. With the ever-growing population, depletion and degradation of land and water pose serious threats to producing enough food to meet the demand of the growing urban population. Especially water scarcity has a big impact on food production. Lack of water leaves farmers without any means to grow their crops which in turn leads to needs not being met and starvation. 
One promising solution to the above problems is to incorporate technology in agriculture. Technology is continually making our lives easier and better, and it can provide solutions to the water-deficient agricultural sector as well. IoT is continually evolving and providing tools to gain more control over our environment and to execute things more easily. With its capability of collecting, sorting, analyzing, and reporting real-time data to diverse interfaces, devices, apps, it provides users real-time insights and the ability to take informed decisions. IoT sensors can be used to measure bore meter reading, the moisture level in a farm land, or deliver real-time data about water level in a river. Further, we can fix irrigation schedules depending on the requirements of different crops and incorporate real-time weather data along with all other sensor data to where and when to give water, and in what quantities. 
According to Libelium, incorporating IoT in irrigation can save water by 30% - 40%. With farmers being charged for per cubic meter usage of water, this would lead to substantial reduction in costs and help in preserving water.